Anti ISR polyclonal antibodyThe biological effects of insulin are mediated by a membrane spanning cell surface receptor that has been shown to consist of disulfide-linked 135-kDa and 95-kDa alpha- and beta-subunits that are cleaved products of a common precursor. Binding of insulin to the receptor extracellular domain results in intracellular activation of a tyrosine-specific kinase activity and the generation of signals that determine the cellular response (PMID: 2369896). This antibody raised against 980-1382aa of human insulin receptor can recognize full-length insulin receptor precursor and insulin receptor beta subunit.

Anti GnRH1 polyclonal antibodyThe protein encoded by this gene is secreted and then cleaved to form the 10 aa luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH, also known as gonadoliberin-1), and prolactin release-inhibiting factor (also known as GnRH-associated peptide 1). LHRH stimulates the release of luteinizing and follicle stimulating hormones, which are important for reproduction. Mutation in this gene are associated with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2012].

Anti WNT5A polyclonal antibodyThe WNT gene family consists of structurally related genes which encode secreted signaling proteins. There are 19 Wnt genes in the human genome that encode functionally distinct Wnt proteins. These proteins have been implicated in oncogenesis and in several developmental processes, including regulation of cell fate and patterning during embryogenesis. Wnt members bind to the Frizzled family of seven-pass transmembrane proteins and activate several signaling pathway. Wnt5A is a member of the Wnt family of proteins, which are 38–45 kDa secreted cysteine-rich proteins with hydrophobic signal peptidesThis antibody can recognize WNT5A and WNT5B.

Anti PML polyclonal antibodyPML, also named as MYL, RNF71 and TRIM19, is a member of RBCC/TRIM family of proteins that possess a RING finger domain, B-box, and coiled-coil domain. It functions as tumor suppressor. PML is required for normal, caspase-dependent apoptosis in response to DNA damage, FAS, TNF, or interferons. It plays a role in transcription regulation, DNA damage response, DNA repair and chromatin organization. PML plays a role in processes regulated by retinoic acid, regulation of cell division, terminal differentiation of myeloid precursor cells and differentiation of neural progenitor cells. It regulates PTEN compartmentalization through the inhibition of USP7-mediated deubiquitinylation. A large number of alternative spliced transcripts are synthesized from the PML gene, resulting in a variety of PML proteins ranging in molecular weight from 48-97 kDa (PMID:11704850). And it can be detected as 70-130 kDa or larger due to the modification (especially SUMO) (PMID: 167781

Anti TLR7 polyclonal antibodyKey component of innate and adaptive immunity. TLRs (Toll-like receptors) control host immune response against pathogens through recognition of molecular patterns specific of microorganisms. TLR7 is a nucleotide-sensing TLR which is activated by single-stranded RNA. Acts via MYD88 and TRAF6, leading to NF-kappa-B activation, cytokine secretion and the inflammatory response.

Anti PON3 polyclonal antibodyParoxon is an organophosphorus anticholinesterase compound, used topically in the treatment of glaucoma. It is produced in vivo in mammals by microsomal oxidation of the insecticide parathion. Parathion is inert until transformed to paroxon. Paroxonase or PON is an arylesterase that is capable of hydrolyzing paroxon to produce p-nitrophenol. PONs are nonspecific and their classification is based not only on substrate specificity but also on tissue distribution, inhibition properties and physicochemical characteristics such as electrophoretic mobility and molecular weight. In contrast to PON1, which is expressed mainly in the liver, PON2 is expressed in a variety of mouse tissues, including the pancreas. PON3 is a associated with the high density lipoprotein fraction of serum. The genes which encode PON1-3 are physically linked and map to human chromosome 7q21.3.

Anti AhR polyclonal antibodyThe aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that has been largely regarded as a mediator of xenobiotic metabolism [PMID:18483242]. It plays a part role in physiologic activities, including attenuation of the acute phase response, cytokine signaling, T helper (TH)17 immune cell differentiation, modulation of NF-κB activity, and regulation of hormonal signaling [PMID:20423157,18540824]. It also mediates transcription factor sequestering away from a gene promoter or tethering of the AhR to a transcription factor on a promoter. AHR calculated molecular masses differ by <10%, compared with the apparent molecular masses predicted from SDS-PAGE for the two receptors (105 and 95 kDa, respectively). (PMID: 8246913)

Anti TNFa polyclonal antibodyTNF, as also known as TNF-alpha, or cachectin, is a multifunctional proinflammatory cytokine that belongs to the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily. It is expressed as a 26 kDa membrane bound protein and is then cleaved by TNF-alpha converting enzyme (TACE) to release the soluble 17 kDa monomer, which forms homotrimers in circulation. It is produced chiefly by activated macrophages, although it can be produced by many other cell types such as CD4+ lymphocytes, NK cells, neutrophils, mast cells, eosinophils, and neurons. It can bind to, and thus functions through its receptors TNFRSF1A/TNFR1 and TNFRSF1B/TNFBR. This cytokine is involved in the regulation of a wide spectrum of biological processes including cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, lipid metabolism, and coagulation. This cytokine has been implicated in a variety of diseases, including autoimmune diseases, insulin resistance, and cancer.

Anti NGF polyclonal antibodyBeta nerve growth factor (NGF) is critical for the survival and maintenance of sympathetic and sensory neurons and may play an important role in the regulation of the immune system (PMID 16842161). The presence of beta NGF in immune cells, endocrine cells, and the CNS limbic areas suggests that beta NGF may function as an intracellular messenger to regulate the body’s response to stress (PMID 19442684). Xeno-free Recombinant Human beta NGF is expressed in human 293 cells as a non-disulfide bonded homodimeric protein with an apparent molecular mass of 13 kDa. This product is produced in a human cell expression system with serum-free, chemically defined media.

Anti NEU4 polyclonal antibodyNEU4, also named as LP5125, belongs to a family of glycohydrolytic enzymes, which remove terminal sialic acid residues from various sialo derivatives, such as glycoproteins, glycolipids, oligosaccharides, and gangliosides. It may function in lysosomal catabolism of sialylated glycoconjugates. NEU4 has a broad substrate specificity being active on glycoproteins, oligosaccharides and sialylated glycolipids.